Base oils
Base oils for motor oils are their basis, to which manufacturers add the necessary additives to give them the desired properties and characteristics. Therefore, automotive base oils can be considered as a kind of "foundation" on which all the characteristics of motor oils are based on. Base oils are divided into five groups, which differ in chemical composition and, therefore, their properties. From this, as well as their mixing, depends on what will be the final engine oil sold on store shelves. And the most interesting thing is that only 15 world oil companies are involved in their production, as well as the additives themselves, while the brands of motor oil are much more. And here, perhaps, many people have a logical question: what is the difference between oils and which one is the best? But first you need to deal with the classification of these compositions.
Base Oil Group | Sulfur content, % | Content of saturated hydrocarbons, % | Viscosity index |
---|---|---|---|
Group I | > 0,03 | < 90 | 80-120 |
Group II | ≤ 0,03 | ≥ 90 | 80-120 |
Group III | ≤ 0,03 | ≥ 90 | > 120 |
Group IV | Poly - alpha - olefins | ||
Group V | Other, not included in groups I-IV (complex alcohols and esters) |